DNREC and Nonprofit Partners Promote, Monitor Nesting Success of American Kestrels

A kestrel chick after receiving its identifying USGS leg-band attached by DNREC raptor, grassland and forest bird biologist Jordan Brown. DNREC photo.

 

Avian Biologists Gather Data on Species’ Decline Through Nest Box Placement and Banding Program

When an American kestrel nest box at Mt. Cuba Center was recently surveyed for signs of nesting success, the tiny leg bands placed on five healthy chicks by avian biologist Jordan Brown attested that a mating pair of kestrels had indeed succeeded in helping repopulate a species in precipitous decline. This decline has been seen not just in Delaware but across the United States and Canada, most notably in the Mid-Atlantic and New England regions that have experienced up to a 93% population decline since the 1960s. That verification was another milepost moment for the Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, which leads the Delaware Kestrel Partnership. It is working to save the American kestrel, the smallest falcon in North America, which was listed as a state endangered species by Delaware in 2013.

DNREC’s response to this fierce little raptor’s plight was swift. Beginning in 2014, the DNREC Division of Parks and Recreation and Brandywine Zoo, with assistance from the DNREC Division of Fish and Wildlife, began installing nest boxes on both private and public lands across the state. The Delaware Kestrel Partnership, a group of conservation agencies and organizations, was formed two years later as a collaborative effort to better understand why kestrels have declined, with the partnership now led by the Division of Fish and Wildlife with assistance from the Brandywine Zoo.

The partnership’s focus continues to be on helping the kestrel rebound from its decline in Delaware, said Brown, who is DNREC’s Wildlife Section raptor, grassland and forest bird biologist, during her team’s recent survey at Mt. Cuba, available at the @DelawareDNREC YouTube Channel.

DNREC Raptor, grassland and forest bird biologist Jordan Brown removes a kestrel chick from a nesting box for a “check-up” that will include its weight, US Geological Survey leg-banding and other data gathered by DNREC Division of Fish and Wildlife. DNREC photo.
DNREC Raptor, grassland and forest bird biologist Jordan Brown removes a kestrel chick from a nesting box for a “check-up” that will include its weight, US Geological Survey leg-banding and other data gathered by DNREC Division of Fish and Wildlife. DNREC photo.

Active nest boxes are visited by Division of Fish and Wildlife and Brandywine Zoo staff, where kestrel adults and chicks are weighed, measured, and banded with unique numbered leg bands as well as field-readable color bands to identify individual birds. Blood samples from kestrels are collected by trained staff with veterinarian oversight and sent to collaborators with Hawk Mountain Sanctuary in Kempton, Pa., to be tested for contaminants and other possible contributors to the kestrel’s decline.

All these efforts gather data that will help DNREC understand where kestrels nest, how far they disperse or migrate, how successful they are at reproducing in Delaware, and how their habitat may be impacting their population levels. Research carried out through the nest box monitoring program will help inform the long-term conservation of the American kestrel and – of equally critical importance, particularly in a smaller state such as Delaware – will guide future habitat management for this strikingly beautiful falcon.

When Brown, the DNREC avian biologist, spoke to Mt. Cuba Center staff and other guests during the chick banding effort, she expanded on the Delaware Kestrel Partnership’s current efforts, how the program has evolved over the years, and the ways her team’s data collection helps conserve this species and achieve the goals of the project, along with demonstrating the banding of chicks and processing of nesting kestrels. She also cited Mt. Cuba as an invaluable partner on the Delaware Kestrel Project – the center has protected over 13,000 acres of natural lands, and currently hosts seven kestrel boxes on their properties, which support at least two active nesting pairs each year.

The next day Brown seized upon another kestrel conservation outreach opportunity at Winterthur Museums and Gardens, which like Mt. Cuba is among the Delaware Kestrel Partnership’s largest landowners that also includes DNREC Division of Fish and Wildlife, DNREC Division of Parks and Recreation, Delaware Nature Society and Delaware Wild Lands. Implicit in her outreach presentation was that the American kestrel can never have too much habitat in Delaware, and while the larger landowners are prominent in providing that habitat, many nest boxes are located on smaller, private lands that can be equally important to the success of the state endangered species conservation program to restore the American kestrel population in Delaware.

The Delaware Kestrel Partnership is planning to add to existing nest box locations in Kent and Sussex counties to obtain a better picture of the statewide status of the American kestrel. Landowners with open spaces such as meadows, grasslands, livestock paddocks or agricultural fields are encouraged to contact the DNREC’s Wildlife Section at 302-739-9912 if interested in hosting a nest box on their property.

A total of 71 kestrel nest boxes from all three counties were monitored in the 2022 nesting season, made possible through the efforts of dedicated volunteers. For more information about the Delaware Kestrel Partnership, including how to volunteer for the program, visit de.gov/kestrels. For more information about private landowners, conservation groups and nonprofit organizations becoming part of the Delaware Kestrel Partnership, contact DNREC’s Avian Conservation Program at 302-735-8658.

About DNREC
The Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control protects and manages the state’s natural resources, protects public health, provides outdoor recreational opportunities, and educates Delawareans about the environment. The DNREC Division of Fish and Wildlife conserves and manages Delaware’s fish and wildlife and their habitats, and provides fishing, hunting, wildlife viewing and boating access on nearly 68,000 acres of public land. For more information, visit the website and connect with @DelawareDNREC on Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn.

Media Contacts: Michael Globetti, michael.globetti@delaware.gov; Nikki Lavoie, nikki.lavoie@delaware.gov

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Key Piece of Mispillion Harbor Habitat Protected

Red Knot. Photo Credit: Tom Benson

15-year conservation effort secures an essential stopover for migrating birds, including the imperiled Red Knot

Kent County, Del. (April 6, 2021) — Mispillion Harbor, one of the most important locations for the survival of Red Knots and other migrating shorebirds, has been further protected, announced the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control (DNREC), The Conservation Fund, Delaware Ornithological Society and Delaware Wild Lands, Inc. After nearly 15 years, the partners have protected multiple parcels of private land significant to restoration along the mile-long Harbor shoreline—securing it in perpetuity as a wildlife reserve.

Located on the west shore of Delaware Bay, Mispillion Harbor is uniquely protected fom harsh weather elements, making it the perfect location for horseshoe crabs to breed. This attracts migrating shorebirds who rely on a brief stopover at the Bay to rest and feed on the crab eggs. The small but mighty Red Knot—a federally-listed threatened species—undergoes an annual migration from South America to their breeding ground in the Arctic and sub-arctic tundra. In recent years, studies have suggested that 50 to 80% of the entire remaining rufa Red Knot population has been recorded using Delaware Bay beaches. The protection of these lands will provide roosting habitat for the Red Knot for their next migration journey this May—and for all future migrations.

“Protecting Mispillion Harbor is the culmination of over a decade of work and the tireless efforts by many who came together to make sure that this critically important site was protected,” said Blaine Phillips, Senior Vice President and Mid-Atlantic Regional Director at The Conservation Fund. “Horseshoe crabs and shorebirds will finally have a safe place to spawn, rest and continue the amazing spectacle of their marathon migration for years to come.”

Recognizing the Harbor’s importance to Red Knots and other wildlife, The Conservation Fund, a national environmental nonprofit, purchased most of the Mispillion Harbor shoreline in 2006 to prevent any development that would harm the habitat. Over the years, most of that land was transferred to the State of Delaware for permanent protection. DNREC is completing important restoration work and has been operating the DuPont Nature Center—a science-based educational and interpretive facility with interactive exhibits designed to connect people with the Delaware Bay’s natural history and ecology.

“DNREC’s long history of monitoring horseshoe crabs and shorebirds along Delaware’s Bayshore helped identify important places to focus conservation through land protection and habitat restoration—critical work that cannot be achieved by government agencies alone,” said DNREC Secretary Shawn M. Garvin. “It takes a community of conservation partners and their many members, supporters, volunteers and donors working together to raise funds for realizing a conservation vision that will have meaningful impact on the recovery and sustainability of species like Red Knot and horseshoe crabs. This project represents—and celebrates—the best expression of shared responsibility, investment, and success. DNREC salutes the amazing grassroots effort of the Delaware Bird-A-Thon and boundless enthusiasm of Delaware’s conservation community, and our federal partners the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service who made the protection of Mispillion Harbor possible.”

Two private parcels significant to restoration in the Harbor were officially protected in February 2021 when The Conservation Fund transferred the property to DNREC. The completion of this effort provides for the expansion of horseshoe crab and shorebird restoration and management efforts.

DNREC was awarded a Cooperative Endangered Species Conservation Fund grant, administered by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, which provided significant funding to protect multiple parcels at Mispillion Harbor. The grant and protection of these parcels at Mispillion Harbor would not have been possible without the involvement of partners and the generous contributions from the Allerton Foundation, Delaware Wild Lands and the Delaware Ornithological Society (DOS).

“The permanent protection of this property, and the vision exemplified by The Conservation Fund, State of Delaware, Delaware Ornithological Society, and Delaware Wild Lands, exemplify what can be achieved with strong leadership and collective effort,” said Kate Hackett, Executive Director at Delaware Wild Lands. “The persistence and patience of this partnership, and ability to coalescence around this high priority land protection project, is outshone only by the global significance of habitat at Mispillion Harbor. Delaware Wild Lands is pleased to have contributed to the completion of this project and supported our partners in conservation, and we believe this level of collaboration can and will serve to inspire others toward even more habitat conservation and restoration.”

“The Delaware Ornithological Society is thrilled to join our partners in celebrating the protection of the single most important site in the First State for migratory shorebirds,” said DOS President Michael Moore. “The acquisition of this property achieves a long-term goal of our grassroots Delaware Bird-A-Thon fundraiser and is a key step in realizing the vision of its founder, the late Bill Stewart, who saw the potential of Mispillion Harbor as a crown jewel of shorebird habitat, research and ecotourism along Delaware’s Bayshore.”

Matthew Sarver, DOS Conservation Chair said: “This acquisition will result in enhanced protection of the federally-listed threatened rufa subspecies of the Red Knot, as well as numerous other species of migratory shorebirds, while improving access to the DuPont Nature Center for birders and other visitors. DOS would like to thank our many donors to the Delaware Bird-A-Thon for helping make this project a reality!”

The newly acquired property will undergo habitat restoration for the Red Knot and is currently closed to the public. The partners will have a celebration at the Mispillion Harbor site at a later date to honor the memory of the late Bill Stewart, a renowned ornithologist in the area who helped identify the Harbor as a place critical of protection.

About The Conservation Fund
At The Conservation Fund, we make conservation work for America. By creating solutions that make environmental and economic sense, we are redefining conservation to demonstrate its essential role in our future prosperity. Top-ranked for efficiency and effectiveness, we have worked in all 50 states since 1985 to protect more than eight million acres of land, including nearly 19,000 acres of beloved natural lands in Delaware such as First State National Park.
www.conservationfund.org

About DNREC
The Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control protects and manages the state’s natural resources, protects public health, provides outdoor recreational opportunities and educates Delawareans about the environment. For more information, visit the website and connect with @DelawareDNREC on Facebook, Twitter or LinkedIn.

About Delaware Wild Lands
Delaware Wild Lands is the oldest and largest land trust in Delaware. We are a non-profit that has helped protect more than 31,600 acres since 1961. Today, we own and actively manage 21,600 acres for vibrant wetlands and wildlife habitat, clean air and pure water, and healthy farms and forests. www.dewildlands.org

About DOS
The Delaware Ornithological Society (DOS) is an all-volunteer, grassroots nonprofit representing hundreds of bird enthusiasts in Delaware and adjacent states. The organization’s mission is the promotion of the study of birds, the advancement and diffusion of ornithological knowledge, and the conservation of birds and their environment. DOS has helped lead collaborative conservation efforts for bird habitat on the Delaware Bay for fifteen years, raising over half a million dollars in private matching funds through our annual Delaware Bird-a-Thon fundraiser, and helping to protect over 2,100 acres of coastal bird habitat. https://www.dosbirds.org/

Media Contacts
Val Keefer, The Conservation Fund, (703) 908-5802, vkeefer@conservationfund.org
Michael Globetti, Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control, (302) 739-9902, michael.globetti@delaware.gov
Kate Hackett, Delaware Wild Lands, (302) 824-6235, khackett@dewildlands.org
Matt Sarver, Delaware Ornithological Society, (724) 689-5845, matt@sarverecological.com

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